Theory of Change is a comprehensive planning and evaluation methodology that maps the causal pathways between activities, outputs, outcomes, and long-term impacts to achieve desired social change. Originally developed in the nonprofit sector, it provides a structured approach for organizations to articulate their assumptions about how and why their interventions will lead to specific results. The framework emphasizes stakeholder engagement and evidence-based reasoning, making it particularly valuable for collaborative initiatives where multiple actors must align around shared goals and understand their respective contributions to complex social outcomes.