Action Research

Cyclical research methodology combining practical problem-solving with knowledge generation through practitioner involvement.

well-documented educationsocial-scienceshealthcare

Appreciative Inquiry

Strengths-based change methodology that engages stakeholders in discovering and building on organizational assets.

well-documented businesseducationhealthcare

Citizen Assembly

Deliberative democratic method where randomly selected citizens discuss and make policy recommendations.

established public-policyurban-planningenvironmental-science

Delphi Method

Structured expert consultation technique using iterative questionnaire rounds to build consensus.

well-documented public-policyhealthcareeducationbusiness

Design Sprint

A five-day structured process for answering critical business questions through design, prototyping, and testing.

established software-engineeringdesignbusiness

Design Thinking

Human-centered iterative approach to problem-solving through empathy, ideation, prototyping, and testing.

well-documented designbusinesseducationhealthcare

Focus Groups

Facilitated group discussions to gather qualitative insights on attitudes, perceptions, and experiences.

well-documented social-scienceshealthcarebusinessdesign

Future Search

Large-group planning method bringing stakeholders together to create shared vision and action plans.

established public-policyurban-planningbusinesseducation

Hackathon

Time-bounded collaborative event where diverse teams rapidly prototype solutions to defined challenges.

well-documented software-engineeringdesigncitizen-sciencehealthcare

Living Lab

Open innovation ecosystem operating in real-world settings where users co-create solutions with researchers.

established urban-planningdesignsoftware-engineeringhealthcare

Most Significant Change

Participatory monitoring and evaluation method using storytelling to capture and analyze program impact.

established social-scienceshealthcareeducationpublic-policy

Nominal Group Technique

Structured decision-making method combining individual idea generation with group ranking and discussion.

well-documented healthcarebusinesseducation

Open Space Technology

Self-organizing meeting format where participants create and manage their own agenda.

established businesspublic-policyeducation

Pair Programming

Two programmers work together at one workstation, with one writing code while the other reviews each line in real-time.

Fresh well-documented software-engineering

Participatory Design

A design approach that actively involves all stakeholders in the design process to ensure results meet their needs.

well-documented designurban-planninghealthcareeducationsoftware-engineering

Photovoice

Participatory research method where community members use photography to document and discuss social issues.

established social-scienceshealthcareurban-planningarts-culture

Retrospective

A structured method for teams to reflect on their work process and identify improvements collaboratively.

Fresh well-documented software-engineeringbusinessdesignmanufacturing

Scrum

Agile framework for iterative project management in cross-functional teams using time-boxed sprints.

well-documented software-engineeringbusiness

World Cafe

Conversational process for exploring questions that matter through rotating small-group discussions.

established social-sciencespublic-policyeducation